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by:Candice Copeland Brooks and Douglas Brooks, MS, Exercise Physiologist
Stair climbing has been a popular way to get in shape for many years. But, if jogging up and down the bleachers at your local stadium has gotten old, a stepper may be the exercise equipment for you.

Steppers simulate stair climbing, but instead of actual steps they use alternating pedals or platforms. Besides a great aerobic workout, steppers can really tone your hips and thighs. However, the key to results is good technique. Take a look at the following "Stepper Technique Tips" and learn how to maximize your enjoyment and stepping success:

Watch your posture. Stand upright with just a slight lean forward from the ankles. The most common technique problems are bending at the waist and leaning forward with the arms resting heavily on the front of the stepper, or sticking the buttocks out behind you. Both of these positions can be hard on the lower back. Instead, maintain good posture with your abs pulled firmly in. You should be able to step with your hands just lightly touching the handlebars or support bars of your stepper. If you have to hold on with a "white knuckle grip," you may have the resistance/speed adjustment set at too high a level.

Don't lean on the hand supports. This is the most common mistake made on steppers. Leaning forward with your back rounded, shoulders lifted and all your weight supported on your arms is ineffective and will cause fatigue and stress your arms, shoulders and neck. Your focus should be on moving the large muscles in your lower body (the hips and legs) rather than supporting your body weight with your upper body. If your resistance/speed is set at a level that is too high for your current fitness level, and your legs and cardiovascular system are unable to keep up, you will fall into this bad habit. Decrease the intensity and work out at a level where you only need light support for balance from the arms.

Keep your feet on the pedals. If the balls of your feet tend to get numb while stepping, it may be because your whole foot isn't on the pedal or platform. Move your feet around slightly during a stepper workout to re-distribute your weight and avoid this annoying problem. Be careful to keep your heels on the pedal or platform as well. Letting your heels drop off the back edge on each step down can cause an injury to the calf muscles due to forced stretching.

Step with adequate range of motion. Avoid taking little, tiny steps or "hovering" at the very top of the pedal cycle. Moderately deep steps at a slower tempo will burn more calories and tone your body more effectively than small range of motion steps done quickly. Varying the size of your steps from moderate to deep will challenge your muscles in different ways and add variety to your workouts.

Keep your knees facing forward. Look down every once in a while and check to be sure that your knees aren't pointing inward. They should point in the direction of your toes at all times. If your stepper has a handlebar that rotates, make sure that only your torso and upper body rotate with it. Your knees and hips should face forward at all times. Steppers are a great training tool for year-round fitness, and can also help you get into shape for seasonal activities such as skiing or hiking. For a quick and effective workout, check out Muscles In Motion's "Ten-Step Stepper Workout.

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